Buildability and Constructability Framework
Since 2001, BCA has implemented the Building Control (Buildability and Productivity) Regulations to enhance productivity in the built environment sector and reduce manpower dependence. This legislation includes the Buildability framework, which promotes collaboration between the architects and engineers to create designs that facilitate more efficient usage of manpower. To ensure that productivity initiatives developed during the design phase are executed effectively, BCA established the Constructability framework, which guides builders in implementing labour-saving construction methods during the construction phase.
Building projects with Gross Floor Area (GFA) of 5,000m2 and above are required to comply with minimum Buildable Design Scores (B-Score) and Constructability Scores (C-Score).
Buildable Design Score (B-Score)
The Buildable Design Score (B-Score) evaluates the extent of productive technologies and buildable features incorporated in a building design. It facilitates the adoption of labour efficient construction methods and promotes greater use of prefabricated, modular and standardised building components.
To accelerate the adoption of more labour-efficient designs and technologies such as Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DfMA), the mandatory minimum B-Scores have been progressively raised over the years.
Please refer to the Code of Practice on Buildability under ‘Resources and Tools’ for the minimum B-Score required for your project.
Constructability Score (C-Score)
The Constructability Score (C-Score) measures the level of adoption of labour-saving construction methods and construction processes, such as system formwork and climbable scaffolding.
Please refer to the Code of Practice on Buildability under ‘Resources and Tools’ for the minimum C-Score required for your project.
Pilot Integrated Buildability and Constructability Framework (B+C)
While the current Buildability framework and Constructability framework have established foundations for DfMA adoption and buildable design principles, there are opportunities to enhance project execution for better project outcomes. To address challenges in design efficiency and processes, BCA will introduce measures to bridge the gap between framework guidelines and practical implementation through the Integrated Buildability and Constructability framework (B+C). The framework aims to enable upstream integration of manufacturing and construction considerations, facilitate early contractor’s involvement in the design process and drive effective cross-disciplinary coordination amongst project stakeholders.
BCA is conducting a voluntary pilot to familiarise the industry with the framework and requirements before proposed implementation in 2H2026. Building projects with Gross Floor Area (GFA) of 5,000m2 are eligible for participation. For more detailed information, please download the information kit and pilot form. Register your interest here.